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sometimes more or less coherent

*
Plate 1.—B. Plants of Opegrapha varia on white cedar, showing the apothecia and the whitish coloration due to the thallus... enlarged 1 7/8 diameters.
(cropped from plate and from border, to square; no other adulterations)
Bruce Fink (1861-1927 *). The Lichens of Minnesota. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium, Smithsonian Institution (Washington, D.C., 1910)
image from Biodiversity Heritage Library (Smithsonian) copy;
link below to University of Illinois (?) copy via google.

1.Opegrapha varia Pers. Ann. Bot. Usteri 7:30. 1794. Plate 1, B.
Epiphloeodal portion of the thallus a thin whitish film forming a continuous or more or less scattered layer upon the substratum, or disappearing; apothecia lanceolate, small, 0.2 to 0.4 mm. wide and 0.4 to 1.5 mm. long, adnate or more or less immersed in the substratum, the disk black and usually more or less furrowed, the exciple black and prominent, persistent and heavy; hypothecium blackish brown; hymenium pale below and darker above; paraphyses rarely branched, sometimes more or less coherent, commonly enlarged and darkened toward the apex; asci clavate or cylindrico-clavate; spores hyaline or brownish, 4 to 6-celled, fusiform, 15 to 24 µ long and 5 to 8 µ wide.
Generally distributed in the State. On trees.
Also distributed throughout North America. Known also in Europe and Africa.
52-53

A different Bruce Fink writes on psychoanalyst Jacques Lacan and of Inspector Quesjac Canal.
 

22 November 2015

tags:
canals; lacanian canals; lichens; more or less scattered; trees
B. Fink, The Lichens of Minnesota (1910)